Rendering学習日記

• RenderMan
• 2010.11.21 Sunday

RenderManはC APIで記述されているが、cgkitと3Delightを使えば、次のように球体を表示、レンダリングできます。
本来ならば、C言語を使ってコンパイルしてやりますが、Python良いですね。便利です。

以下はcgkitを使って3Delightで直接レンダリングしました。3DelightのLibフォルダの3Delight.libが働いてくれます。

#min.py

import cgkit.cri



ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3Delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



RiBegin(RI_NULL)

RiDisplay("min.tif", RI_FRAMEBUFFER, RI_RGB)

RiProjection(RI_PERSPECTIVE)

RiTranslate(0,0,1.5)

RiWorldBegin()

RiLightSource("ambientlight","intensity",0.4)

RiLightSource("distantlight")

RiSurface("plastic")

RiColor((1,0.2,0.2))

RiSphere(1,-1,1,360)

RiWorldEnd()

RiEnd()

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3Delight")の部分を
オープンソースRenderMan互換レンダラのAqsis Renderer1.6を使用するならば、

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("aqsis_ri2rib")

コマンドプロンプトから、
>min.py
と打ち込むと、RIBが生成されて表示されるだけです。
なので、パイプを使います。こんな感じ・・
>min.py |aqsis

prmanの場合も、cgkitを使う場合は、
ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("libprman")
>min.py |prman
となります。直接レンダリングではないので、
RenderManProServer-14からついているimport prmanを利用します。

# set PYTHONPATH=C:\Python25;C:\Python\Scripts;%RMANTREE%\bin

#min_pr.py

import prman

ri=prman.Ri()

rendertarget="min_pr.rib"

ri.Begin(ri.RENDER)

ri.Imager("background", {"color color":(.2,.4,.6)})

ri.Display("min_pr.tif", "framebuffer", "rgb")

ri.Format(640,480,1)

ri.Projection(ri.PERSPECTIVE, {ri.FOV: 90})

ri.Translate(0,0,1.5)

ri.WorldBegin()

ri.LightSource("distantlight", {ri.HANDLEID: "1"})

ri.LightSource("ambientlight", {ri.HANDLEID: "2", "intensity":[0.4]})

ri.Color((1,0.2,0.2))

ri.Surface("plastic")

ri.Sphere(1,-1,1,360)

ri.WorldEnd()

ri.End()

>min.pyと打ち込む前に
>set PYTHONPATH=C:\Python25;C:\Python\Scripts;%RMANTREE%\bin
でパスを通しておきます。
以下はレンダリング結果。

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• python cgkit
• 2010.11.21 Sunday

「実践CGへの誘い」p.18
Listing 2.1

cgkitと3Delightを使って
Python APIによるRenderManのシーン記述です。
４角形の表示です。

#list21.py

#/* Copyrighted Pixar 1989 */

#/* From the RenderMan Companion p. 18 */

#/* Listing 2.1   A minimal program using RenderMan */



import cgkit.cri

from cgkit.cgtypes import *



# Load the RenderMan API.

# Replace the library name with whatever renderer you want to use.

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



square=[.5,.5,.5,.5,-.5,.5,-.5,-.5,.5,-.5,.5,.5]



RiBegin(RI_NULL)

RiFormat(640,480,1)

RiDisplay("list21.tif", RI_FRAMEBUFFER, RI_RGB)

#RiPixelSamples(3,3)

#RiProjection(RI_ORTHOGRAPHIC)

#RiScale(vec3(0.8))

#RiTranslate(0,0.55,5)

RiWorldBegin()

RiSurface("constant",RI_NULL)

RiPolygon(P=square)

RiWorldEnd()

RiEnd()

コマンドプロンプトから
>list21.py
と打ち込むと3delightでレンダリングして表示されます。
はじめの一歩ですね。

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• python cgkit
• 2010.11.21 Sunday

「実践CGへの誘い」p.20
Listing 2.2

#list22.py

#/* Copyrighted Pixar 1989 */

#/* From the RenderMan Companion p. 20 */

#/* Listing 2.2   Control over viewer and color */



import cgkit.cri

from cgkit.cgtypes import *



# Load the RenderMan API.

# Replace the library name with whatever renderer you want to use.

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



square=[.5,.5,.5,.5,-.5,.5,-.5,-.5,.5,-.5,.5,.5]



color=(.2,.4,.6)



RiBegin(RI_NULL)

RiLightSource("distantlight",RI_NULL)

RiProjection(RI_PERSPECTIVE)

RiTranslate(0.0,0.0,1.0)

RiRotate(40,-1,1,0)

RiDisplay("list22.tif", RI_FRAMEBUFFER, RI_RGB)

RiWorldBegin()

RiColor(color)

RiSurface("constant",RI_NULL)

RiPolygon(P=square)

RiWorldEnd()

RiEnd()

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• python cgkit
• 2010.11.21 Sunday

「実践CGへの誘い」p.25
Listing 2.3

#list23.py

# Copyrighted Pixar 1989

# From the RenderMan Companion p. 25

# Listing 2.3   Control over viewer and color



import cgkit.cri

from cgkit.cgtypes import *



# Load the RenderMan API.

# Replace the library name with whatever renderer you want to use.

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



L= -.5      #* For x: left side     */

R=  .5      # /* For x: right side    */

D= -.5     #  /* For y: down side     */

U=  .5     #  /* For y: upper side    */

F=  .5     #  /* For z: far side      */

N= -.5     #  /* For z: near side     */



#/* UnitCube(): define a cube in the graphics environment */

def UnitCube():

    Cube=[

        [ [L,D,F],  [L,D,N],  [R,D,N],  [R,D,F] ],   #/* Bottom face  */

        [ [L,D,F],  [L,U,F],  [L,U,N],  [L,D,N] ],   #/* Left face    */

        [ [R,U,N],  [L,U,N],  [L,U,F],  [R,U,F] ],   #/* Top  face    */

        [ [R,U,N],  [R,U,F],  [R,D,F],  [R,D,N] ],   #/* Right face   */

        [ [R,D,F],  [R,U,F],  [L,U,F],  [L,D,F] ],   #/* Far face     */

        [ [L,U,N],  [R,U,N],  [R,D,N],  [L,D,N] ]    #/* Near face    */

    ];

    for i in range(6):

        RiPolygon(P=Cube[i])





#square=[.5,.5,.5,.5,-.5,.5,-.5,-.5,.5,-.5,.5,.5]



color=(.2,.4,.6)



RiBegin(RI_NULL)

RiDisplay("list23.tif", RI_FRAMEBUFFER, RI_RGB)

RiFormat(640,480, -1.0)

RiShadingRate(1.0)

RiLightSource("distantlight", RI_NULL)

RiProjection(RI_PERSPECTIVE)

RiWorldBegin()

RiTranslate(0.0, 0.0, 1.5)

RiRotate(40.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0)

RiSurface("matte",RI_NULL)

RiColor(color)

UnitCube()

#RiPolygon(P=square)

RiWorldEnd()

RiEnd()

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• RenderMan
• 2010.11.22 Monday

Pixar RenderManのPython APIとcgkitでの記述を並べてみた。
import prmanでは、パラメータを辞書形式で記述。後はほとんど同じ感じてす。
以下は、ティーポットの表示
■import prman

#test2.py

# set PYTHONPATH=C:\Python25;C:\Python\Scripts;%RMANTREE%\bin

import prman

ri=prman.Ri()

rendertarget="test2.rib"

ri.Begin(ri.RENDER)

ri.Imager("background", {"color color":(.2,.4,.6)})

ri.Display("teapot2.png", "file", "rgb")

ri.Format(640,480,1)

ri.Projection(ri.PERSPECTIVE, {ri.FOV: 45})

ri.Translate(0,0,10)

ri.WorldBegin()

ri.LightSource("pointlight", {ri.HANDLEID: "1", "from": [-10,10,-10],"intensity":[300]})

ri.LightSource("pointlight", {ri.HANDLEID: "2", "from": [10,10,-10],"intensity":[300]})

ri.LightSource("pointlight", {ri.HANDLEID: "3", "from": [-10,-10,-10],"intensity":[300]})

ri.Color((0.9,0,0.1))

ri.Surface("plastic")

ri.Translate(0,-1,0)

ri.Rotate(-90,1,0,0)

ri.Geometry("teapot")

ri.WorldEnd()

ri.End()

■cgkit
3Delightを利用した。

#min2.py

import cgkit.cri



ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3Delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



RiBegin(RI_NULL)

RiImager("background", "color background",(.2,.4,.6))

RiDisplay("min2.png", RI_FILE, RI_RGB)

RiProjection(RI_PERSPECTIVE,RI_FOV,45)

RiTranslate(0,0,10)

RiWorldBegin()

#RiLightSource("ambientlight","intensity",0.4)

#RiLightSource("distantlight")

RiLightSource("pointlight", RI_HANDLEID, "1", "from",[-10,10,-10],"intensity",[300])

RiLightSource("pointlight", RI_HANDLEID, "2", "from",[10,10,-10],"intensity",[300])

RiLightSource("pointlight", RI_HANDLEID, "3", "from",[-10,-10,-10],"intensity",[300])

RiSurface("plastic")

RiColor((1,0.2,0.2))

RiTranslate(0,-1,0)

RiRotate(-90,1,0,0)

RiReadArchive("teapot.rib")

RiWorldEnd()

RiEnd()

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• python cgkit
• 2010.11.23 Tuesday

「実践CGへの誘い」p.28
Listing 2.5
TransformBegin()〜TransformEnd()を使ったサンプル
ありがたいです。

#list25.py

#/* Copyrighted Pixar 1989 */

#/* From the RenderMan Companion p. 28 */

#/* Listing 2.5  Another cube definition */



import cgkit.cri

from cgkit.cgtypes import *



# Load the RenderMan API.

# Replace the library name with whatever renderer you want to use.

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



#/* UnitCube(): Enter a unit cube into the scene */



def UnitCube():

    square = [ [.5,.5,.5], [-.5,.5,.5], [-.5,-.5,.5], [.5,-.5,.5] ]

    RiTransformBegin()

    #/* far square */

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    #/* right face */

    RiRotate(90.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    #/* near face */

    RiRotate(90.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    #/* left face */

    RiRotate(90.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    RiTransformEnd()

    

    RiTransformBegin()

    #/* bottom face */

    RiRotate(90.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    RiTransformEnd()

    

    RiTransformBegin()

    #/* top face */

    RiRotate(-90.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    RiTransformEnd()



color=(.9,.1,.2)



RiBegin(RI_NULL)

RiDisplay("list25.tif", RI_FRAMEBUFFER, RI_RGB)

RiFormat(640,480, -1.0)

RiShadingRate(1.0)

RiLightSource("distantlight", RI_NULL)

RiProjection(RI_PERSPECTIVE)

RiWorldBegin()

RiTranslate(0.0, 0.0, 1.5)

RiRotate(40.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0)

RiSurface("matte",RI_NULL)

RiColor(color)

UnitCube()

RiWorldEnd()

RiEnd()

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• python cgkit
• 2010.11.23 Tuesday

「実践CGへの誘い」p.30
Listing 2.6
cgkitを使ってPython APIによるRenderManeインタフェースの勉強です。今回は、色つき立方体の生成です。面白いですね。
レンダリングは、3Delightを使っています。さらに、勉強していきます。ありがとうございます。

#list26.py

#/* Copyrighted Pixar 1989 */

#/* From the RenderMan Companion p. 30 */

#/* Listing 2.6  Defining a larger cube from smaller minicubes */

#/* 

# *   ColorCube(): create a unit color cube from smaller cubes 

# *   Parameters:

# *    n: the number of minicubes on a side

# *    s: a scale factor for each minicube

# */



import cgkit.cri

from cgkit.cgtypes import *



# Load the RenderMan API.

# Replace the library name with whatever renderer you want to use.

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



#/* UnitCube(): Enter a unit cube into the scene */



def ColorCube(n, s):

    if n<=0:

        return

    

    RiAttributeBegin()

    RiTranslate(-.5, -.5, -.5 )

    RiScale(1.0/n, 1.0/n, 1.0/n)

    color=[0,0,0]

    for x in range(n):

        for y in range(n):

            for z in range(n):

                color[0] = (x+1)/float(n)

                color[1] = (y+1)/float(n)

                color[2] = (z+1)/float(n)

                RiColor(color)

                RiTransformBegin()

                RiTranslate (x+.5, y+.5, z+.5)

                RiScale(s, s, s)

                UnitCube()

                RiTransformEnd ()

    

    

    RiAttributeEnd();





def UnitCube():

    square = [ [.5,.5,.5], [-.5,.5,.5], [-.5,-.5,.5], [.5,-.5,.5] ]

    RiTransformBegin()

    #/* far square */

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    #/* right face */

    RiRotate(90.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    #/* near face */

    RiRotate(90.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    #/* left face */

    RiRotate(90.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    RiTransformEnd()

    

    RiTransformBegin()

    #/* bottom face */

    RiRotate(90.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    RiTransformEnd()

    

    RiTransformBegin()

    #/* top face */

    RiRotate(-90.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)

    RiPolygon( RI_P, square, RI_NULL)

    RiTransformEnd()



color = ( .2, .4, .6 )



RiBegin(RI_NULL);      #/* Start the renderer */

RiDisplay("colormain.tiff", RI_FILE, "rgb", RI_NULL)

RiFormat(512, 384, -1.0)

RiShadingRate(1.0)

RiLightSource("distantlight", RI_NULL)

RiProjection(RI_PERSPECTIVE,RI_FOV,65)

RiWorldBegin()

RiSides(1)   # /* N E W */

RiTranslate(0.0, 0.0, 1.5)

RiRotate(30.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0)

RiRotate(30.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0)

RiColor(color)     # /* Declare the color */

ColorCube(4, .8)   #/* Define the cube */

RiWorldEnd()

RiEnd()            #/* Clean up after the renderer */

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• python cgkit
• 2010.11.23 Tuesday

「実践CGへの誘い」p.31
Listing 2.7


>list27.py
オブジェクトインスタンスを利用しようと組んだら、以下のエラー
3DL ERROR P1051: [C:0]: invalid context for 'RiTransformBegin'
3DL ERROR P1051: [C:0]: invalid context for 'RiRotate'
3DL ERROR P1051: [C:0]: invalid context for 'RiTransformEnd'

いろいろと調べたら、cgkitでは、
obj = RiObjectBegin()
RiSphere(0.5,-0.5,0.5,360)
RiObjectEnd()
RiObjectInstance(obj)

と記述しているが、これは問題ない。

cube = RiObjectBegin()
UnitCube()
RiObjectEnd()
問題は、UnitCube()
「実践CGへの誘い」によれば、物体の記述に、ジオメトリ変換を記入していると無視される。よってUnitCube()は、一番最初にやった面のみを記述する定義を用いる。

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• python cgkit
• 2010.11.23 Tuesday

できました。よく読まないといけません。
UnitCube()を最初に使った定義のものに戻しています。

「実践CGへの誘い」p.32
Listing 2.7

オブジェクトインスタンスを利用したサンプルです。
ありがとうございます。

#list27.py

#/* Copyrighted Pixar 1989 */

#/* From the RenderMan Companion p. 32 */

#/* Listing 27c A more efficient color cube */

#/* 

# *   ColorCube(): create a unit color cube from smaller cubes 

# *   Parameters:

# *    n: the number of minicubes on a side

# *    s: a scale factor for each minicube

# */



import cgkit.cri

from cgkit.cgtypes import *



# Load the RenderMan API.

# Replace the library name with whatever renderer you want to use.

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



L= -.5      #* For x: left side     */

R=  .5      # /* For x: right side    */

D= -.5     #  /* For y: down side     */

U=  .5     #  /* For y: upper side    */

F=  .5     #  /* For z: far side      */

N= -.5     #  /* For z: near side     */



#/* UnitCube(): define a cube in the graphics environment */

def UnitCube():

    Cube=[

        [ [L,D,F],  [L,D,N],  [R,D,N],  [R,D,F] ],   #/* Bottom face  */

        [ [L,D,F],  [L,U,F],  [L,U,N],  [L,D,N] ],   #/* Left face    */

        [ [R,U,N],  [L,U,N],  [L,U,F],  [R,U,F] ],   #/* Top  face    */

        [ [R,U,N],  [R,U,F],  [R,D,F],  [R,D,N] ],   #/* Right face   */

        [ [R,D,F],  [R,U,F],  [L,U,F],  [L,D,F] ],   #/* Far face     */

        [ [L,U,N],  [R,U,N],  [R,D,N],  [L,D,N] ]    #/* Near face    */

    ];

    for i in range(6):

        RiPolygon(P=Cube[i])



def ColorCube(n, s):

    if n<=0:

        return

    

    cube = RiObjectBegin()

    UnitCube()

    RiObjectEnd()

    

    RiAttributeBegin()

    RiTranslate(-.5, -.5, -.5 )

    RiScale(1.0/n, 1.0/n, 1.0/n)

    color=[0,0,0]

    for x in range(n):

        for y in range(n):

            for z in range(n):

                color[0] = (x+1)/float(n)

                color[1] = (y+1)/float(n)

                color[2] = (z+1)/float(n)

                RiColor(color)

                RiTransformBegin()

                RiTranslate (x+.5, y+.5, z+.5)

                RiScale(s, s, s)

                RiObjectInstance(cube)

                RiTransformEnd()

    

    RiAttributeEnd()





color = ( .2, .4, .6 )



RiBegin(RI_NULL);      #/* Start the renderer */

RiDisplay("colormain2.tiff", RI_FILE, "rgb", RI_NULL)

RiFormat(512, 384, -1.0)

RiShadingRate(1.0)

RiLightSource("distantlight", RI_NULL)

RiProjection(RI_PERSPECTIVE,RI_FOV,65)

RiWorldBegin()

RiSides(1)   # /* N E W */

RiTranslate(0.0, 0.0, 1.5)

RiRotate(30.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0)

RiRotate(30.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0)

RiColor(color)     # /* Declare the color */

ColorCube(4, .8)   #/* Define the cube */

RiWorldEnd()

RiEnd()            #/* Clean up after the renderer */

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• python cgkit
• 2010.11.23 Tuesday

■簡単なアニメーション
６０フレーム出力してみました。
「実践CGへの誘い」p.34
Listing 2.8を改良しました。
Python便利ですね。
ありがとうございます。

#list28change.py

#/* Copyrighted Pixar 1989 */

#/* From the RenderMan Companion p. 34 */

#/* Listing 2.8  A simple animation  */

#/* 

# *   ColorCube(): create a unit color cube from smaller cubes 

# *   Parameters:

# *    n: the number of minicubes on a side

# *    s: a scale factor for each minicube

# */



import cgkit.cri

from cgkit.cgtypes import *



# Load the RenderMan API.

# Replace the library name with whatever renderer you want to use.

ri = cgkit.cri.loadRI("3delight")

cgkit.cri.importRINames(ri, globals())



L= -.5      #* For x: left side     */

R=  .5      # /* For x: right side    */

D= -.5     #  /* For y: down side     */

U=  .5     #  /* For y: upper side    */

F=  .5     #  /* For z: far side      */

N= -.5     #  /* For z: near side     */



#/* UnitCube(): define a cube in the graphics environment */

def UnitCube():

    Cube=[

        [ [L,D,F],  [L,D,N],  [R,D,N],  [R,D,F] ],   #/* Bottom face  */

        [ [L,D,F],  [L,U,F],  [L,U,N],  [L,D,N] ],   #/* Left face    */

        [ [R,U,N],  [L,U,N],  [L,U,F],  [R,U,F] ],   #/* Top  face    */

        [ [R,U,N],  [R,U,F],  [R,D,F],  [R,D,N] ],   #/* Right face   */

        [ [R,D,F],  [R,U,F],  [L,U,F],  [L,D,F] ],   #/* Far face     */

        [ [L,U,N],  [R,U,N],  [R,D,N],  [L,D,N] ]    #/* Near face    */

    ];

    for i in range(6):

        RiPolygon(P=Cube[i])



def ColorCube(n, s):

    if n<=0:

        return

    

    cube = RiObjectBegin()

    UnitCube()

    RiObjectEnd()

    

    RiAttributeBegin()

    RiTranslate(-.5, -.5, -.5 )

    RiScale(1.0/n, 1.0/n, 1.0/n)

    color=[0,0,0]

    for x in range(n):

        for y in range(n):

            for z in range(n):

                color[0] = (x+1)/float(n)

                color[1] = (y+1)/float(n)

                color[2] = (z+1)/float(n)

                RiColor(color)

                RiTransformBegin()

                RiTranslate (x+.5, y+.5, z+.5)

                RiScale(s, s, s)

                RiObjectInstance(cube)

                RiTransformEnd()

    

    RiAttributeEnd()





color = ( .2, .4, .6 )



NFRAMES = 60     #/* number of frames in the animation */

NCUBES = 5       #/* # of minicubes on a side of the color cube */

FRAMEROT = 3.0   #/* # of degrees to rotate cube between frames */





RiBegin(RI_NULL)    #/* Start the renderer */

frame = 1

for frame in range(frame,NFRAMES+1):

    if len(str(frame))==1:

        print "anim00"+"%d.tif" % frame

        filename="anim00"+"%d.tif" % frame

    elif len(str(frame))==2:

        print "anim0"+"%d.tif" % frame

        filename="anim0"+"%d.tif" % frame

    else:

        print "anim%d.tif" % frame

        filename="anim%d.tif" % frame

    

    RiFrameBegin(frame)

    RiLightSource("distantlight", RI_NULL)

    #/* Viewing transformation */

    RiProjection("perspective", RI_NULL)

    RiTranslate(0.0, 0.0, 1.5)

    RiRotate(40.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0)

    

    RiDisplay(filename, RI_FILE, RI_RGBA, RI_NULL)

    RiFormat(512, 384, -1.0)

    RiShadingRate(1.0)

    RiWorldBegin()

    RiSides(1);  #/* N E W */

    scale = (NFRAMES-(frame-1)) / float(NFRAMES)

    RiRotate(FRAMEROT*frame, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)

    RiSurface("matte", RI_NULL)

    ColorCube(NCUBES, scale)        #/* Define the cube */

    RiWorldEnd()

    RiFrameEnd()



RiEnd()

出力画像はこちらを参考にしてください。

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