Rendering学習日記

• Lightflow(Lightflow python script)
• 2010.08.21 Saturday

立方体49個並べてZ軸中心に回転させる。乱数を発生させる
import random
モジュールを呼び出す。
関数も回転を入れて書き換える。
乱数でリストの中から数値を取り出すようにした。
rot=random.choice([0,6,15,23,30,45,60,75,88])
立方体なので0から90度以内で変化する。

#関数定義　ボックスの位置とリストcolのインデックス番号0から5まで、Z軸中心回転角度rotを追加

def boxpos(x0,y0,z0,rot,c):

	s.materialBegin( col[c] ) 

	s.transformBegin( transform().translation( vector3(x0,y0,z0)))

	s.transformBegin( transform().rotationAroundZ( pi*rot/180 ))

	s.addObject( s.newObject( "box", [ "position",vector3( -1.0, -1.0, -1.0 ),vector3( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 )] ) ) 

	s.transformEnd()

	s.transformEnd()

	s.materialEnd()

	





#Create boxes!!

c=0

cnt=0

for i in range(-9,10,3):

	for k in range(-6,13,3):

		rot=random.choice([0,6,15,23,30,45,60,75,88])

		boxpos(i,k,0,rot,c)

		cnt=cnt+1

		c=cnt%6

	

以下は、サンプルファイル参考にしてください。

#! /usr/bin/env python 

#box_pos_rot.py



from lightflowPM import * 

from math import * 

import colorinc

import random



s = scene() 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "point", [ "position", vector3( 5.0, -5.0, 6.0 ), "color", vector3( 300.0, 300.0, 300.0 ) ] ) ) 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "ambient", [ "color", vector3( 0.3, 0.3, 0.3 ) ] ) ) #環境光を加える。 



plastic = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", colorinc.Brown,"kd",0.66 ] ) #



plastic2 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", colorinc.CadetBlue,"kd",0.66 ] ) #



plastic3 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", colorinc.Coral,"kd",0.66 ] ) #



plastic4 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", colorinc.VLightGray,"kd",0.66 ] ) #



plastic5 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", colorinc.Aquamarine,"kd",0.66 ] ) #



plastic6 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", colorinc.BlueViolet,"kd",0.66 ] ) #



#plasticをリスト化した

col=[plastic,plastic2,plastic3,plastic4,plastic5,plastic6]



check_ground=s.newPattern("check",["color",vector3( 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 ),"scale",0.025]) 



ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", check_ground,"kc",vector3( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ),"ka",check_ground ] ) #チェック青と白



#関数定義　ボックスの位置とリストcolのインデックス番号0から5まで、Z軸中心回転角度rotを追加

def boxpos(x0,y0,z0,rot,c):

	s.materialBegin( col[c] ) 

	s.transformBegin( transform().translation( vector3(x0,y0,z0)))

	s.transformBegin( transform().rotationAroundZ( pi*rot/180 ))

	s.addObject( s.newObject( "box", [ "position",vector3( -1.0, -1.0, -1.0 ),vector3( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 )] ) ) 

	s.transformEnd()

	s.transformEnd()

	s.materialEnd()

	





#Create boxes!!

c=0

cnt=0

for i in range(-9,10,3):

	for k in range(-6,13,3):

		rot=random.choice([0,6,15,23,30,45,60,75,88])

		boxpos(i,k,0,rot,c)

		cnt=cnt+1

		c=cnt%6

	





#check模様の地面groundをpatchで作成しています。高さ(z軸)を-1.0にしてぴったり立方体とあわせています。 

s.materialBegin( ground ) 

s.addObject( s.newObject( "patch", [ "points",vector3( -50, -50, -1.0 ),vector3( -50, 50, -1.0 ),vector3( 50, -50, -1.0 ),vector3( 50, 50, -1.0 )] ) ) 

s.materialEnd() 





saver = s.newImager( "tga-saver", [ "file", "box_pos_rot.tga" ] ) 



s.imagerBegin( saver ) 

camera = s.newCamera( "pinhole", [ "eye", vector3( 0, -12, 5 ), "aim", vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ] ) 

s.imagerEnd() 



s.render( camera, 640, 340 )

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• Lightflow(Lightflow python script)
• 2010.08.21 Saturday

rot=45に指定してしまうと、全部がいっせいに整列します。

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• Lightflow(Lightflow python script)
• 2010.08.21 Saturday

球体の質感について調整する。
基本質感。


以下はサンプルファイル参考にしてください。

#! /usr/bin/env python 

from lightflowPM import * 

from math import * 



s = scene() 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "point", [ "position", vector3( 5.0, -2.0, 5.0 ), "color", vector3( 300.0, 300.0, 300.0 ) ] ) ) 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "ambient", [ "color", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ) ] ) ) #環境光を加える。 



plastic = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.6, 0.6, 0.6 ),"kd", 0.33 ] )  



plastic2 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.6, 0.6, 0.6 ),"kd", 0.33 ] ) 



plastic3 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.6, 0.6, 0.6 ),"kd", 0.33 ] ) 



check_ground=s.newPattern("check",["color",vector3( 0.2, 0.4, 0.6),"scale",0.025]) 



ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", check_ground,"kc",vector3( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ),"ka",check_ground ] ) 



#ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ] ) #白 





s.materialBegin( plastic ) 

s.addObject( s.newObject( "sphere", [ "radius",1.4] ) ) 

s.materialEnd() 





#地面groundをpatchで作成しています。高さ(z軸)を-1.4にしてぴったり球とあわせています。 

s.materialBegin( ground ) 



s.addObject( s.newObject( "patch", [ "points",vector3( -50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( -50, 50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, 50, -1.4 )] ) ) 



s.materialEnd() 



saver = s.newImager( "tga-saver", [ "file", "sphere_glass01.tga" ] ) 



s.imagerBegin( saver ) 



camera = s.newCamera( "pinhole", [ "eye", vector3( 0, -3, 2 ), "aim", vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ] ) 



s.imagerEnd() 



s.render( camera, 512, 300 )

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• Lightflow(Lightflow python script)
• 2010.08.21 Saturday

映り込みの設定
"kr",vector3(0.4,0.4,0.4)


以下のサンプルファイルを参考にしてください。

#! /usr/bin/env python 

from lightflowPM import * 

from math import * 



s = scene() 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "point", [ "position", vector3( 5.0, -2.0, 5.0 ), "color", vector3( 300.0, 300.0, 300.0 ) ] ) ) 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "ambient", [ "color", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ) ] ) ) #環境光を加える。 



plastic = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.6, 0.6, 0.6 ),"kd", 0.33 ,"kr",vector3(0.4,0.4,0.4)] )  



plastic2 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.6, 0.6, 0.6 ),"kd", 0.33 ] ) 



plastic3 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.6, 0.6, 0.6 ),"kd", 0.33 ] ) 



check_ground=s.newPattern("check",["color",vector3( 0.2, 0.4, 0.6),"scale",0.025]) 



ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", check_ground,"kc",vector3( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ),"ka",check_ground ] ) 



#ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ] ) #白 





s.materialBegin( plastic ) 

s.addObject( s.newObject( "sphere", [ "radius",1.4] ) ) 

s.materialEnd() 





#地面groundをpatchで作成しています。高さ(z軸)を-1.4にしてぴったり球とあわせています。 

s.materialBegin( ground ) 



s.addObject( s.newObject( "patch", [ "points",vector3( -50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( -50, 50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, 50, -1.4 )] ) ) 



s.materialEnd() 



saver = s.newImager( "tga-saver", [ "file", "sphere_glass02.tga" ] ) 



s.imagerBegin( saver ) 



camera = s.newCamera( "pinhole", [ "eye", vector3( 0, -3, 2 ), "aim", vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ] ) 



s.imagerEnd() 



s.render( camera, 512, 300 )

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• Lightflow(Lightflow python script)
• 2010.08.21 Saturday

透明度を加える。
plastic = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ),"kd", 0.01 ,"kr",vector3(0.2,0.2,0.2),"kt",vector3(0.8,0.8,0.8),"IOR",1.12] )



以下のサンプルファイルを参考にしてください。

#! /usr/bin/env python 

from lightflowPM import * 

from math import * 



s = scene() 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "point", [ "position", vector3( 5.0, -2.0, 5.0 ), "color", vector3( 300.0, 300.0, 300.0 ) ] ) ) 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "ambient", [ "color", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ) ] ) ) #環境光を加える。 



plastic = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ),"kd", 0.01 ,"kr",vector3(0.2,0.2,0.2),"kt",vector3(0.8,0.8,0.8),"IOR",1.12] )  



plastic2 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.6, 0.6, 0.6 ),"kd", 0.33 ] ) 



plastic3 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.6, 0.6, 0.6 ),"kd", 0.33 ] ) 



check_ground=s.newPattern("check",["color",vector3( 0.2, 0.4, 0.6),"scale",0.025]) 



ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", check_ground,"kc",vector3( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ),"ka",check_ground ] ) 



#ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ] ) #白 





s.materialBegin( plastic ) 

s.addObject( s.newObject( "sphere", [ "radius",1.4] ) ) 

s.materialEnd() 





#地面groundをpatchで作成しています。高さ(z軸)を-1.4にしてぴったり球とあわせています。 

s.materialBegin( ground ) 



s.addObject( s.newObject( "patch", [ "points",vector3( -50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( -50, 50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, 50, -1.4 )] ) ) 



s.materialEnd() 



saver = s.newImager( "tga-saver", [ "file", "sphere_glass03.tga" ] ) 



s.imagerBegin( saver ) 



camera = s.newCamera( "pinhole", [ "eye", vector3( 0, -3, 2 ), "aim", vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ] ) 



s.imagerEnd() 



s.render( camera, 512, 300 )

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• Lightflow(Lightflow python script)
• 2010.08.21 Saturday

コースティクス(集光模様)を入れるためにラジオシティのスイッチを入れる。記述の最後の行のひとつ上に
s.radiosity()
を加える。
質感は以下のように設定した。屈折率を調整すると面白い。
plastic = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ),"kd", 0.01 ,"kr",vector3(0.2,0.2,0.2),"kt",vector3(0.8,0.8,0.8),"IOR",1.26,"caustics", 4, 4] )

#! /usr/bin/env python 



from lightflowPM import * 



from math import * 



s = scene() 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "point", [ "position", vector3( 5.0, -2.0, 5.0 ), "color", vector3( 300.0, 300.0, 300.0 ) ] ) ) 



s.lightOn( s.newLight( "ambient", [ "color", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ) ] ) ) #環境光を加える。 



plastic = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ),"kd", 0.01 ,"kr",vector3(0.2,0.2,0.2),"kt",vector3(0.8,0.8,0.8),"IOR",1.26,"caustics", 4, 4] )  



plastic2 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kt",vector3(0.95,0.95,0.95), "kr",vector3(0.05,0.05,0.05), "kd",0.01, "IOR",1.26,"caustics", 4, 4] ) 



plastic3 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kt",vector3(0.85,0.85,0.85), "kr",vector3(0.15,0.15,0.15), "kd",0.01, "IOR",1.15,"transmission",1,"radiosity",1 ] ) 



check_ground=s.newPattern("check",["color",vector3( 0.2, 0.4, 0.6),"scale",0.025]) 



ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", check_ground,"kc",vector3( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ),"ka",check_ground ] ) 



#ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ] ) #白 





s.materialBegin( plastic1 ) 

s.addObject( s.newObject( "sphere", [ "radius",1.4] ) ) 

s.materialEnd() 





#地面groundをpatchで作成しています。高さ(z軸)を-1.4にしてぴったり球とあわせています。 

s.materialBegin( ground ) 



s.addObject( s.newObject( "patch", [ "points",vector3( -50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( -50, 50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, 50, -1.4 )] ) ) 



s.materialEnd() 



saver = s.newImager( "tga-saver", [ "file", "sphere_glass04.tga" ] ) 



s.imagerBegin( saver ) 



camera = s.newCamera( "pinhole", [ "eye", vector3( 0, -3, 2 ), "aim", vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ] ) 



s.imagerEnd() 

s.radiosity()

s.render( camera, 512, 300 )

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• Lightflow(Lightflow python script)
• 2010.08.21 Saturday

以下のようにファイル出力するようにした。
idx=[1.05,1.1,1.15,1.2,1.22,1.24,1.26,1.28,1.3,1.4]
10個の屈折率を割り当てて10枚出力する

#! /usr/bin/env python 



from lightflowPM import * 



from math import * 



for f in range(10):

	s = scene()

	s.lightOn( s.newLight( "point", [ "position", vector3( 5.0, -2.0, 5.0 ), "color", vector3( 300.0, 300.0, 300.0 ) ] ) ) 

	

	s.lightOn( s.newLight( "ambient", [ "color", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ) ] ) ) #環境光を加える。 

	idx=[1.05,1.1,1.15,1.2,1.22,1.24,1.26,1.28,1.3,1.4]

	plastic = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 ),"kd", 0.01 ,"kr",vector3(0.2,0.2,0.2),"kt",vector3(0.8,0.8,0.8),"IOR",idx[f],"caustics", 4, 4] )

	plastic2 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kt",vector3(0.95,0.95,0.95), "kr",vector3(0.05,0.05,0.05), "kd",0.01, "IOR",1.26,"caustics", 4, 4] ) 

	

	plastic3 = s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kt",vector3(0.85,0.85,0.85), "kr",vector3(0.15,0.15,0.15), "kd",0.01, "IOR",1.15,"transmission",1,"radiosity",1 ] ) 

	check_ground=s.newPattern("check",["color",vector3( 0.2, 0.4, 0.6),"scale",0.025]) 

	

	ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", check_ground,"kc",vector3( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ),"ka",check_ground ] ) 

	

	#ground=s.newMaterial( "standard",[ "kc", vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) ] ) #白 

	

	s.materialBegin( plastic )

	s.addObject( s.newObject( "sphere", [ "radius",1.4] ) ) 

	s.materialEnd() 

	

	#地面groundをpatchで作成しています。高さ(z軸)を-1.4にしてぴったり球とあわせています。 

	s.materialBegin( ground ) 

	s.addObject( s.newObject( "patch", [ "points",vector3( -50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( -50, 50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, -50, -1.4 ),vector3( 50, 50, -1.4 )] ) ) 

	

	s.materialEnd()

	saver = s.newImager( "tga-saver", [ "file", ("sphere_glass_%03d" % f)+".tga" ] ) 

	s.imagerBegin( saver ) 

	

	camera = s.newCamera( "pinhole", [ "eye", vector3( 0, -3, 2 ), "aim", vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) ] ) 

	

	s.imagerEnd() 

	s.radiosity()

	s.render( camera, 512, 300 )

	

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• Lightflow
• 2012.01.06 Friday

メモ:役に立つかも。Thank you.

http://www.nue.tu-berlin.de/wer/knoerig/lightflow.html
http://web.archive.org/web/20070610101954/http://www.nue.tu-berlin.de/wer/knoerig/lightflow.html

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• Lightflow
• 2012.01.09 Monday

LightFlowはすでに開発closedしてから、12年も経過しているので
今の状況では使えないところですが・・・・やっとできました。

■(以前のまとめ抜粋)Lightflow インストール　Linuxでのインストール方法
http://rman.sakura.ne.jp/sfx/lf_man/lightflow-install.html

Linux勉強としてVirtualBoxを使ってLightFlowをインストールしてみました。
いろいろやってみるとPythonのバージョン違いで走らない状況?
困難?が待っていました。


■Vine Linux3.2の場合

libstdc++-libc6.1-1.so.2: cannot load shared object file: No such file or directory

compat-libstdc++-6.2-2.9.0.14.i386.rpm

# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-6.2-2.9.0.14.i386.rpm


上記のパッケージをとってインストールしここまでで終了。

■Debianの場合
debian-6.0.3

libstdc++-libc6.1-1.so.2: cannot load shared object file: No such file or directory

libstdc++2.9-glibc2.1_2.91.66-4_i386.deb
http://archive.debian.org/debian/pool/main/e/egcs1.1/libstdc++2.9-glibc2.1_2.91.66-4_i386.deb

$ dpkg -i libstdc++2.9-glibc2.1_2.91.66-4_i386.deb

上記のパッケージをとってここまでやって、以下実行。

■Lightflow実行
@debian:/usr/local/Lightflow/PM/Examples$ python ball1.py
ball1.py:3: RuntimeWarning: Python C API version mismatch for module lightflowPM: This Python has API version 1013, module lightflowPM has version 1007.
from lightflowPM import *

Lightflow Rendering Tools
Copyright (c) 1995-2000 by Jacopo Pantaleoni. All rights reserved


Error (LfFault):
LfFileIOBStream
error opening tmp_ve_VSE3HY
ここで終了。残念。

■試しにPython1.6.1の解凍しビルドすることをやってみる。
解凍うまくいかず
gzip: stdin: not in gzip format
tar: Child returned status 1
tar: Error exit delayed from previous errors

拡張子は .gz となっていますが，実際は .tar ファイルのようなので，
次のようにして変更してください．

mv AAA.tar.gz AAA.tar


> どのようにして解凍すればよいのか

tar xvf AAA.tar




■Python1.6.1のビルド
./configure
make
make install

上書きしてしまったような
■Lightflow実行
@debian:/usr/local/Lightflow/PM/Examples$ python ball1.py
WARNING: Python C API version mismatch for module lightflowPM:
This Python has API version 1009, module lightflowPM has version 1007.

Lightflow Rendering Tools
Copyright (c) 1995-2000 by Jacopo Pantaleoni. All rights reserved


Error (LfFault):
LfFileIOBStream
error opening tmp_ve_7F11r0
ここで終了。残念。

■試しにPython1.5.2の解凍
mv py152.tgz py152.tar
tar xvf py152.tar
■Python1.5.2のビルド(Debian6.0.3)
./configure
make
make install
エラー出しながらもできたような。Python-1.5.2$ python
Python 1.6.1 (#1, Jan 9 2012, 15:26:06) [GCC 4.4.5] on linux2
Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam.
All Rights Reserved.
できていませんでした。

makeができておらず、
gcc -g -O2 -I./../Include -I.. -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -c -o fileobject.o fileobject.c
fileobject.c:590: error: conflicting types for ‘getline’
/usr/include/stdio.h:651: note: previous declaration of ‘getline’ was here
make[1]: *** [fileobject.o] エラー 1
make[1]: ディレクトリ `/home/mac/Python-1.5.2/Objects' から出ます
make: *** [Objects] エラー 2

どうやら、
fileobject.cの関数getlineがstdio.hとかぶっているようです。

/usr/include/stdio.h:651: note: previous declaration of ‘getline’ was here

エディタでgetlineを検索し、4箇所をgetline1と変えました。
改めて
./configure
make
sudo make altinstall
した。

root@debian:/home/mac/Downloads/Python-1.5.2# python1.5
Python 1.5.2 (#1, Jan 9 2012, 21:03:48) [GCC 4.4.5] on linux2
Copyright 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterda

Python1.5.2動きました。
(Vine Linux3.2でのPython1.5.2のビルドはすんなりいきました。)


■ここからがうれしいところ(^^)。

root@debian:/usr/local/Lightflow/PM/Examples# python1.5 ball10000.py

Lightflow Rendering Tools
Copyright (c) 1995-2000 by Jacopo Pantaleoni. All rights reserved


Pinhole Camera On
Objects : 10000
00:00:01 - CSEADS 100/100 - boxes 48672 - depth 2 - objects 10000

Rendering 300 x 300 pixels
00:00:03 - 87.1%

root@debian:/usr/local/Lightflow/PM/Examples# gimp ball10000.tga

■無事、Debian Linux6.0.3でLightflowが起動。
古いVine Linux(3.2より古いもの?)でLightflowが動いていたのは、Python1.5.2だったためです。
Windowsと同じでLinuxにおいてもPython1.5.2でLightflowは動きます。
make altinstallするとpythonのバージョン別に使い分けができます。

Lightflow起動は

# python1.5 ball1.py

ball1.tgaが生成されます。
レンダリングが速くて快適ですね。
長年わからなかったのが解決してうれしいです。
ありがとうございます。

root@debian:/usr/local/Lightflow/PM/Examples# python1.5 mechanic.py

以下Rendering Time:17s

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• Lightflow
• 2012.01.10 Tuesday

Installation Guide.


1.Untar the base packet (e.g. to /usr/local/).

2.The python interface requires python >= 1.5, so install it first if you want to use it.

3.Copy or link LightflowPM.so to /usr/lib/phython1.5/site-packages (or wherever this directory is): ln -s /usr/local/LightFlow/LightflowPM.so /usr/lib/python1.5/site-packages

4. The same for the C++-library: ln -s /usr/local/LightFlow/Lightflow/libLightflow.so /usr/lib

5.Install the content of Lightflow_Include.tar.bz; the includes should be in /usr/include/Lightflow.

6. Extend the startup configuration script of your shell (e.g. bashrc) by setting LIGHTFLOWPATH to Lightflows base directory: export LIGHTFLOWPATH=/usr/local/LightFlow

7.Have a look at the doc's under PM/doc and CS/doc, python-examples are under PM/Examples.

8.Now the examples above should work (python-scripts have to be made executable before run, C++-examples (e.g. tree.tar.gz) have to be compiled (use make).

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